Cinnamomum tamala

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Other Names : Indian Bay leaf, Tejpatta; Malabar leaf, Indian bark, Indian cassia, Tejpat, Dalchini, Silkanthi, Kikoa, Kirkiria, Taj kalam, Taj kalami, Talispatri, Dopatti, Sazij, Zarnab, Tejapat, Daruchini, Tamal patra, Tej, Patra, Dalchini, Tamalapatra, Daalchinitikki, Sambarapana, Pacilla, Tejpatra, Tejpatra, Akupatri, Pattaakulu, Tallishapatri, Talisha, Talisapatri, Ijin, Indisches Lorburblatt, Indiai baberlevel, Tamara-nikkei, Tezipatto
Tejpatta is a small tree growing to a height of 20-30 feet and is seen all over South India and Sri Lanka in the temperate climate. The bark of the tree is little brittle when cut and is brown in color with good odor. The leaves are thick, 4 to 7 inch in length with deep vein like structure in the upper surface and have a strong odor when crushed. Flowers are seen in clusters and have a strong odor. Fruits are round; purple colored and has a single seed inside. Flowers are seen in the month of January and the fruits appear in the month of May-August. Mainly three varieties of Tejpatra are available- Indian, Sinhalese and Chinese.

Special Precautions of Cinnamomum tamala

The most common side effect of Tejpatta is excessive sweating (perspiration) that occur with higher dosage. In some people already having gastric troubles, it can worsen the following symptoms :

  • Heartburn
  • Burning sensation in the abdomen
  • Sour belching
  • Burning sensation after defecation

Health Benefits and uses of Cinnamomum tamala

It is used in various Ayurvedic formulations. Leaves and bark have aromatic, astringent, stimulant and carminative qualities and used for rheumatism, colic, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. The essential oil of the leaves called tejpat oil is medicinally used as carminative, anti-flatulent, diuretic, and in cardiac disorders. It is also used in pharma-ceutical preparations because of its hypoglycemic, stimulant and carminative properties.

  • The dried leaf and bark of Tejpatra is used as spice in many cuisines all over the world.
  • The powder of the bark of Cinnamomum tamala is used as tooth powder to treat dental caries, bad odor and gingivitis.
  • Powder of the bark of Tejpatra is mixed with honey in a dose of 3- 5 g to treat cough and asthma.
  • The oil extract of Cinnamomum tamala is used in a dose of 3 to 5 drops to treat dysmenorrhea and inflammation of the uterus.
  • The paste of the bark of the plant is applied as paste over the area affected with swelling and pain.
  • The oil of the herb is given in a dose of 3 to 6 drops to treat health complications arising out of tuberculosis.
  • The cold infusion of the bark of Cinnamomum tamala is given in a dose of 30-40 ml to improve the strength of cardiac muscles and stimulate the renal function.
  • Running nose – powder of cinnamon, patra, black pepper, cardamom should be inhaled.
  • Obesity – An ointment of patra, agaru, usheera and chandana removes foul smell of body in case of obesity(Vrinda madhava)
  • It is used in preparation of anjana,hence used in various aromatic drug, hence used as one of sugandhadravyas.
  • Compound pill is used in kaasa, flatulence and dyspepsia.
  • used as stimulant and also in Colic and
  • Given in kwatha or churna in suppression of lochia after child birth
  • Leaf is diuretic,good for liver and speen.
  • Used for inflammation, sore eyes and stops salivation.
  • used to prevent miscarriage in some women with weakened uterine wall. It provides strenght to the uterine musculature and supports pregnancy
  • Lactation : Tejpatta has Galactagogue action : increases breast milk supply. Therefor it can be used during lactation and considerably safe for both mother and child.
  • Anti- ulcer activity: The present study was designed to study the antiulcer potential of 50% ethanolic extract of Cinnamomum tamala (EECT) on experimentally induced ulcer models like pylorus ligation, ethanol, and aspirin. The results of te present investigation reveal that in all three models studied, EECT (50,100 and 200 mg/kg,p.o) produced a dose-dependent significant protection against ulcer models in animals. The results indicated that ethanolic extract of Cinnamomum tamala shows significant antiulcer activity by inhibiting the gastric lesions and provides the significant gastroprotective effect which may be associated with its antioxidant property.
  • Anti- microbial activity: In the present study phytochemical constituents, elemental composition and antimicrobial potential of the crude methanolic extract of Cinnamomum tamala leaves were explored. Antimicrobial potential of the crude extract and its fractions i.e. aqueous, n-hexane, dichloromethane and isobutanol were tested against six gram-negative, three gram-positive bacterial strains and one fungal strain by agar well diffusion method. The evaluated extracts evaluated showed variedable degree of inhibition zones against all tested microbes except dichloromethane, aqueous fraction and crude extract which were completely inactive against Salmonella typhi.
  • Anti- depressant activity: The current study was designed to explore anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antistress actions of Cinnamomum tamala (CT) leaves (aqueous extract) in rats. CT at 400 mg/kg produced an antianxiety effect equivalent to lorazepam, in the elevated plus maze, open field, and social interaction tests among selected doses of the CT. CT at 400 mg/kg also induced an antidepressant activity similar to imipramine, in the behavioral despair, learned helplessness test, and tail suspension among selected doses of the CT. Moreover, CT at 400 mg/kg produced a significant antistress effect comparable to W. somnifera in water immersion-restraint stress by decreasing ulcer index, adrenal gland weight, and by normalizing the plasma levels of corticosterone, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels when related to stress control.

Constituents

The oil from bark contains cinnamaldehyde (70–85%) as major constituent. Leaves from Nepal yield a volatile oil, containing mainly linalool 54.55%; cinnamaldehyde 1.45%, alpha-and beta-pinene, p- cymene and limonene. In essential oil from the leaves, mostly monoterpenoides were found. Linalool [50%] is a major compound.α-pinene, p- cymene and limonene range around 5 – 10% each. Phenylepropanides appear in little amount.

Used in Patent medicine

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