Difference between revisions of "Salvia lavandulifolia"

Revision as of 11:14, 4 January 2022

Other Names : Spanish Sage
Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl. is a plant from the Iberian peninsula whose phytochemical evaluation indicated the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids, diterpenoids and monoterpenes. It has an essential oil rich in various bioactive compounds (like 1,8-cineole or α-pinene).

Health Benefits and Uses of Salvia lavandulifolia

It has been traditionally used for its spasmolytic, antiseptic, analgesic, sedative and anesthesic activities. pharmacological studies of the plant have demonstrated its reputation as aromatic plant to enhance memory and anti-dementia drug by the inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme. The species also possesses a wide range of pharmacological uses including: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, estrogenic and central nervous system depressant properties, relevant to the treatment of Alzheimer´s disease.

S. lavandulifolia has been used in traditional medicine for its therapeutic properties as spasmolytic, antiseptic (bactericidal, virucidal and fungicidal), analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory and locally anesthetic remedies. This herbal medicine has been utilized for their psychoactive and psychotropic properties. The leaves of S. lavandulifolia are traditionally used as a choleretic, astringent, cicatrizing and antiseptic drug (CAñIGUERAL & al., 1989; zRIRA & al., 2004), and also antiperspirant effect for menopause symptoms. Aqueous extract present hypoglycemic activity (zARzUELO & al., 1991), and is used as folk remedies to treat diabetic hyperglycemia. The essential oil of the plant is rich of compounds not only with antimicrobial and antiviral activities but also with antioxidant properties. Others notable ailments for which this plant has been used includes depression (pERRy & al., 2000b).

Several studies have shown that Salvia lavandulifolia present properties to attenuate the cognitive decline in natural aging and dementia. The improvement mood and cognition-enhancing effects of sage also exhibit anti-oxidant, antiinflammatory and oestrogenic properties (pERRy & al., 2003), relevant to brain function (kENNEDy & SChOLEy, 2006). These results demonstrate that Salvia lavandulifolia, its essential oil and some constituents have properties relevant to the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders due to its reported memory-enhancing properties. S. lavandulifolia has shown to possess not only properties to the treatment of cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer´s disease, but also in the general cognitive enhancement of healthy people. Salvia is well tolerated and without side effects of some treatment. S. lavandulifolia essential oil was a potent inhibitor of human cholinesterase (AChE) but buChE was weakly inhibited. This cholines-terase inhibition may explain its traditional use for ailing memory, for example it is relevant to the treatment of Alzheimer´s disease (SAVELEV & al., 2004). Although evidence indicates that S. lavandulifolia may be appropriate to the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders as Alzheimer´s disease, further investigation in vitro and in vivo are necessary to determinate structure, pharmacological activity relationship, the interaction of their compounds, -since monoterpenoids have demonstrated to inhibit enzymes of the cytochrome p-450 2b subfamily-, and to exploring the potential clinical value of S. lavandulifolia. Salvia is potentially a novel therapeutic treatment for neurodegenerative disorders as Alzheimer´s disease. Studies on identification of active S. lavandulifolia constituents are important in the search for new therapeutic compounds. The activity of essential oil can be the result of complex interactions between its different constituents, which may produce even at low concentrations additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects of some compounds in the mixture of oil composition. Mixture - might present a very active compound which should be determined and purified. Subsequently, the effects of the oil would be better than isolated monoterpenes (bAkkALI & al., 2008). These finding reveal that the monoterpenoids may present synergistic and antagonistic complex interactions between the components to produce different activities, such as inhibitory activity of enzyme acetilcholinesterase. The inhibitory activity of essential oil results from a complex interaction between its components, that present synergic and antagonic activities between the monoterpenoids. For example, minor synergy between 1,8 cineole and α-pinene, and 1,8 cineole and caryophyllene epoxide, and antagonism between 1,8-cineole and camphor. Then, high concentration of 1,8-cineole and low camphor contents in essential oil may increase its anticholinesterase activity. The 1,8-cineole is a selective inhibitor for AChE but not for butyrylChE (SAVELEV & al., 2003). It was reported positive effects on three mood dimensions: alertness, contentedness and calmness in a dosedependent manner, modulating mood and cognition evaluated by Cognitive Drug Research test. Specifically, following oral administration of essential oil the immediate and delayed verbal memory was improved. In the light of these findings, further research is required to determinate the bioactive constituents of plants and elucidate their molecular mechanism of action to therapeutic application. because, due their low cost and commercial availability might be interesting candidates to the development of dietary or pharmaceutical products.

S. lavandulifolia Essential Oil has been described as a safe memory enhancer, suggesting it could be used in Alzheimer’s disease therapy . Moreover, SlEO presents other notable activities with medical applications, which include spasmolitic, oestrogenic and antimicrobial properties.

References

• https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6152226/
• Pharmacological activity of Salvia lavandulifolia and chemical components of its essential oil. A review María Porres-Martínez, Mª Emilia Carretero