[[File:Juniperus_phoenicea.jpg|thumb|Alt=Juniperus Phoenicea|350px|left|Juniperus Phoenicea]]Other Names : Phoenicean juniper, Arâr<br>a shrub or small evergreen tree, characterised by scaled leaves and berry-like fleshy fruits red to brown in colour. It occurs in patchy and often isolated populations over the whole Mediterranean region, included Morocco and Portugal, Canary and Madeira Islands, Sinai Peninsula and Saudi Arabia along the Red Sea, and grows principally on coastal dunes and cliffs, but also in mountain populations up to 2400 m.<br>See also : [[Juniperus Communis]]
==Special Precautions of Juniperus phoenicea==
==Health Benefits and Uses of Juniperus phoenicea==
* Cancer : Both berry and leaf oil have shown strong anti-tumor properties. The berry oil works best against brain tumors and lung carcinoma, secondarily against liver carcinoma and breast carcinoma, and finally also against cervix carcinoma. The leaf oil works about as well as the berry oil against brain tumor and cervix carcinoma, and secondarily as well against lung carcinoma, liver tumor, and breast carcinoma
==References==
* ''Runeberg, Jarl; Gramstad, Thor; Larsson, Lennart; Dodson, R. M. (1960). "The Chemistry of the Natural Order Cupressales. XXXI. Heartwood Constituents of Juniperus phoenicea L". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 14: 1995–8. doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.14-1995.''
* ''González, A. Gastón; García-Viñas, J. I.; Saura, S.; Caudullo, G.; de Rigo, D. (2016). "Juniperus thurifera in Europe: distribution, habitat, usage and threats" (PDF). European Atlas of Forest Tree Species. European Commission.''
* ''[Farjon, A. 2013. Juniperus phoenicea. (errata version published in 2015) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T16348983A84426008. Downloaded on 20 April 2017. Farjon, A. 2013. Juniperus phoenicea. (errata version published in 2015) The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: e.T16348983A84426008. Downloaded on 20 April 2017.]''
* ''Kabiel, Hanan F.; Hegazy, Ahmad K.; Lovett-Doust, Lesley; Al-Rowaily, Saud L.; Al Borki, Abd El-Nasser S. (2016). "Ecological assessment of populations of Juniperus phoenicea L. In the Al-Akhdar mountainous landscape of Libya". Arid Land Research and Management. 30 (3): 269–89. doi:10.1080/15324982.2015.1090499''.
* ''Knoll, Aaron (2015-09-17). Gin: The Art and Craft of the Artisan Revival. Jacqui Small LLP. ISBN 9781910254431.''
* ''"Research paper: Juniperus phoenicea L. from Jordan". ResearchGate. Retrieved 2017-04-20.
* ''Stephenson, Tristan (2016-05-12). The Curious Bartender's Gin Palace. Ryland Peters & Small. ISBN 9781849759052.''
* ''Nedjimi, Bouzid; Beladel, Brahim; Guit, Brahim (2015). "Multi-element determination in medicinal Juniper tree (Juniperus phoenicea) by instrumental neutron activation analysis". Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences. 8 (2): 243–6. doi:10.1016/j.jrras.2015.01.009.''
* ''Hayouni, E; Abedrabba, M; Bouix, M; Hamdi, M (2007). "The effects of solvents and extraction method on the phenolic contents and biological activities in vitro of Tunisian Quercus coccifera L. And Juniperus phoenicea L. Fruit extracts". Food Chemistry. 105 (3): 1126–34. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.02.010.''
*''Laouar, Amel; Klibet, Fahima; Bourogaa, Ezzeddine; Benamara, Amel; Boumendjel, Amel; Chefrour, Azzedine; Messarah, Mahfoud (2017). "Potential antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of Juniperus phoenicea berries against CCl 4 induced hepatic damage in rats". Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.005''.
* ''Keskes, Henda; Mnafgui, Kais; Hamden, Khaled; Damak, Mohamed; El Feki, Abdelfattah; Allouche, Noureddine (2014). "In vitro anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and antioxidant proprieties of Juniperus phoenicea L. Leaves from Tunisia". Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 4: S649–S655. doi:10.12980/APJTB.4.201414B114.''
* ''Mazari, Khadidja; Bendimerad, Nassima; Bekhechi, Chahrazed; Fernandez, Xavier (2010). "Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils isolated from Algerian Juniperus phoenicea L. and Cupressus sempervirens L.". Journal of Medicinal Plants Research. 4 (10): 959–64. doi:10.5897/JMPR10.169 (inactive 2017-04-22).''
* ''El-Sawi, SA; Motawae, HM; Ali, AM (2008). "Chemical Composition, Cytotoxic Activity and Antimicrobial Activity of Essential Oils of Leaves and Berries of Juniperus Phoenicea L. Grown in Egypt". African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines. 4 (4): 417–26. PMC 2816504 Freely accessible. PMID 20161910. doi:10.4314/ajtcam.v4i4.31236.''
[[Category:Treatments]]
[[Category:herbal medicine]]
[[Category:Aromatherapy]]
[[Category:Essential oil]]