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The genus Phlomis L. belongs to the Lamiaceae family and encompasses 100 species native to Turkey,North Africa, Europe and Asia. All parts of the Phlomis plants are used including the leaves (Phlomis aspera, Phlomis cephalotes . . .), the flowers (Phlomis aspera, Phlomis rotata . . .), the seeds (Phlomis cephalotes) and the roots (Phlomis nepetaefolia). They are used as a decoction, an infusion or as a juice. The flowers of some Phlomis species are sweet and are consumed directly or sucked (Phlomis purpurea subsp. purpurea, Phlomis cephalotes). The leaves of Phlomis cephalotes are used to prepare an herb-pot.

==Health Benefits and Uses of Phlomis==

* Antiparasitic activity : Several compounds purified from Phlomis brunneogaleata show anti-parasite activities against Leishmania donovani, Plasmodium falciparum and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (Kirmizibekmez et al., 2004). The soluble portion of the Phlomis kurdica chloroform extract possesses anti-Leishmania, anti-Plasmodium and anti-Trypanosoma activity whereas the same type of extract prepared from Phlomis leucophrata inhibits only Trypanosoma growth (Tasdemir et al., 2005). The cited antiplasmodial activities are due to the inhibition ability of the purified eonyl-ACP reductase (FabI), a crucial enzyme in the fatty acid biosynthesis of Phlomis falciparum (Kirmizibekmez et al., 2004; Tasdemir et al., 2005).

* Antioxidant and antiradical activities (in vitro) Phlomis fruticosa and Phlomis lanata methanol extract have antioxidant activity. They prevent bleomycin-Fe (II) catalyzed arachidonic acid superoxidation (Couladis et al., 2003). Forsythoside B, acteoside (the two major phenylethylalcohol glycoside in Phlomis genus) purified from Phlomis caucasica and samioside prepared from Phlomis samia were found to be potent scavengers of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical(Kyriakopoulou et al., 2001; Delazar et al., 2008).

==Reference==

''Phytochemistry and biological activities of Phlomis species Ilef Limem-Ben Amora,b, Jihed Boubakera,b, Mohamed Ben Sgaier a,b, Ines Skandrania,b, Wissem Bhouria,b, Aicha Neffati a,b, Soumaya Kilani a,b, Ines Bouhlela,b, Kamel Ghediraa,b, Leila Chekir-Ghediraa,b,''

[[Category:Treatments]]

[[category:herbal medicine]]