Genistein

Genistein is an isoflavone found in many plants, and it is most commonly consumed in soybeans and soy-based foods. The typical Western diet has very low levels of genistein, but it is very common in vegetarian diets and some Eastern diets (particularly in Japan). Genistein has a complex effect on health, producing beneficial effects that reduce the risk of heart disease and cancer at low amounts throughout a person's life but potentially increasing the growth of some types of cancer when consumed in high concentrations or very late in life. Read on to learn about how genistein works, where it is found, and how to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks associated with its consumption.

Food Sources

Genistein is found in plant foods such as soybeans, chickpeas, broccoli, cauliflower, alfalfa sprouts, clover sprouts, barley meal, sunflower seeds, and clover seeds. It is also found in many soy-based products such as soy milk, tempeh, miso, soy flour, infant formula, sports drinks, protein bars, and textured soy protein. Textured soy protein (TSP) is used as a meat substitute in vegetarian hamburgers, hot dogs, sausages, and meatballs. Though soy is by far the most common dietary source of genistein, it is not found in soy sauce or soybean oil. Genistein is also available as a dietary supplement in powder, pill, or capsule form.